癌免疫細胞療法:樹状細胞ワクチン及び活性化リンパ球療法
総説
癌免疫細胞療法:樹状細胞ワクチン及び活性化リンパ球療法
谷川啓司
WAARM Journal, 2024; 6: 12–19
Key words: 樹状細胞ワクチン,癌抗原,活性化Tリンパ球,免疫細胞療法,癌予防治療
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has made significant progress, particularly with immune checkpoint inhibitors; however, the challenge of eliciting a strong immune response against cancer persists. This review focuses on dendritic cell vaccines and activated lymphocyte therapy, discussing how these approaches can enhance immune responses to cancer. Dendritic cell vaccines aim to activate the patient’s immune system by utilizing antigen-presenting dendritic cells, primarily to generate long-lasting T-cell memory against cancer. Research has increasingly focused on identifying more effective antigens, with advancements in genetic analysis now enabling the use of cancer-associated antigens derived from highly expressed genes related to proliferation, as well as neoantigens produced by mutated genes during tumorigenesis. On the other hand, activated lymphocyte therapy involves expanding and activating the patient’s own lymphocytes to trigger a potent immune response against cancer cells. These therapies hold promise in promoting the elimination of cancer cells. As cancer treatment evolves, further development of immunotherapy within the broader framework of cancer treatment is anticipated, with a growing need for personalized therapeutic strategies tailored to each patient.
はじめに